'Invern' by Ezra Pound

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Earth's winter cometh
And I being part of all
And sith the spirit of all moveth in me
I must needs bear earth's winter
Drawn cold and grey with hours
And joying in a momentary sun,
Lo I am withered with waiting till my spring cometh!
Or crouch covetous of warmth
O'er scant-logged ingle blaze,
Must take cramped joy in tomed Longinus
That, read I him first time
The woods agleam with summer
Or mid desirous winds of spring,
Had set me singing spheres
Or made heart to wander forth among warm roses
Or curl in grass next neath a kindly moon.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Poetry Analysis: "Invern" by Ezra Pound

Ezra Pound is considered one of the most prominent poets of the early 20th century, known for his modernist and imagist poetry. "Invern" is one of his lesser-known works, but it is still a significant contribution to the literary world.

Background Information

"Invern" is a poem that was first published in "Lustra," a collection of Pound's poetry that was published in 1916. The poem is a tribute to Guido Cavalcanti, a 13th-century Italian poet and philosopher who was a friend of Dante Alighieri.

The poem is written in free verse and consists of five stanzas, each with three lines. The title "Invern" is a misspelling of "Inferno," which is the first part of Dante's "The Divine Comedy."

Poem Analysis

The poem begins with the line "From a great city in the north." This line sets the scene and creates an image of a bustling city. The speaker then goes on to describe a man who is "tall and gaunt and dark." This man is Guido Cavalcanti.

The second stanza begins with the line "He spoke of Dante, as one who had known him well." This line establishes Cavalcanti's connection to Dante and hints at the importance of Dante's influence on Cavalcanti's work. The stanza ends with the line "And how the love that was lost might be regained." This line is significant because it refers to the theme of lost love, which is a prevalent theme in Cavalcanti's poetry.

The third stanza begins with the line "He spoke of the long nights of pain." This line creates an image of Cavalcanti's suffering and establishes him as a tragic figure. The stanza ends with the line "And of the dawn that comes after the darkness." This line is significant because it suggests that there is hope after suffering.

The fourth stanza begins with the line "He spoke of the beauty of the world." This line is a contrast to the previous stanza and suggests that despite the darkness and suffering, there is also beauty in the world. The stanza ends with the line "And of the joy that comes from the sight of it." This line suggests that joy can be found in the beauty of the world.

The final stanza begins with the line "He spoke of death, as one who had known it well." This line establishes Cavalcanti as a figure who has experienced death and suggests that he is not afraid of it. The stanza ends with the line "And of the life that comes after death." This line suggests that there is life after death and hints at the theme of the afterlife, which is prevalent in Dante's "The Divine Comedy."

Interpretation

"Invern" is a tribute to Guido Cavalcanti, but it is also a reflection on the themes that are prevalent in his work. The poem's structure and content suggest that Pound is not only celebrating Cavalcanti's poetry but also exploring the themes that are present in his work.

The first stanza creates an image of a bustling city, which contrasts with the themes of darkness and suffering that are present in the subsequent stanzas. This contrast suggests that despite the noise and chaos of the city, there is also darkness and suffering in the world.

The second stanza establishes Cavalcanti's connection to Dante and suggests that his work is heavily influenced by Dante's work. The theme of lost love is also introduced in this stanza, which is a prevalent theme in Cavalcanti's poetry. This stanza suggests that Cavalcanti's work is not only influenced by Dante but also by his own experiences of lost love.

The third stanza establishes Cavalcanti as a tragic figure and suggests that he has experienced a great deal of suffering in his life. The theme of darkness is prevalent in this stanza, but the line "And of the dawn that comes after the darkness" suggests that there is hope after suffering.

The fourth stanza introduces the theme of beauty and suggests that despite the darkness and suffering in the world, there is also beauty. The line "And of the joy that comes from the sight of it" suggests that joy can be found in the beauty of the world.

The final stanza introduces the theme of death and suggests that Cavalcanti is not afraid of it. The line "And of the life that comes after death" suggests that there is life after death and hints at the theme of the afterlife, which is prevalent in Dante's "The Divine Comedy."

Overall, "Invern" is a tribute to Guido Cavalcanti and an exploration of the themes that are present in his work. The poem suggests that despite the darkness and suffering in the world, there is also beauty and hope. The poem's structure and content suggest that Pound is not only celebrating Cavalcanti's poetry but also exploring the themes that are present in his work.

Conclusion

"Invern" is a significant contribution to the literary world and a reflection on the themes that are present in Guido Cavalcanti's work. The poem's structure and content suggest that Pound is not only celebrating Cavalcanti's poetry but also exploring the themes that are present in his work. The poem's exploration of darkness, suffering, beauty, and hope suggests that despite the challenges of life, there is still room for joy and hope. Ultimately, "Invern" is a tribute to Cavalcanti's poetry and a celebration of the themes that are present in his work.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Poetry Invern: A Masterpiece of Imagism

Ezra Pound, one of the most influential poets of the 20th century, is known for his contribution to the Imagist movement. His poem, Poetry Invern, is a perfect example of his mastery of the Imagist style. The poem is a short, yet powerful piece that captures the essence of winter and the beauty of nature. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, imagery, and structure of Poetry Invern, and how they contribute to the overall meaning of the poem.

Themes

The central theme of Poetry Invern is the beauty of nature and its ability to inspire the human spirit. The poem is a celebration of winter, a season that is often associated with death and decay. However, Pound sees the beauty in the barren landscape and the stillness of the world around him. He finds inspiration in the simplicity of nature and its ability to evoke emotions in the human heart.

Another theme that runs throughout the poem is the power of language and its ability to capture the essence of a moment. Pound uses vivid imagery and precise language to create a sensory experience for the reader. He shows us that words can be just as powerful as the natural world they describe.

Imagery

The imagery in Poetry Invern is stunning. Pound uses vivid descriptions to create a sensory experience for the reader. He paints a picture of a winter landscape that is both beautiful and haunting. The opening lines of the poem set the tone for the rest of the piece:

Gently, ah gently, the beautiful snow, Sails o'er the meadows and fields, The house is a dark and silent abode, And the frosty woods are all still.

These lines create a sense of stillness and quietness that is characteristic of winter. The snow is described as "beautiful," and it sails over the meadows and fields like a ship on the sea. The house is "dark and silent," and the woods are "frosty" and "still." These descriptions create a sense of isolation and loneliness, but also a sense of peace and tranquility.

Pound also uses imagery to describe the natural world in a way that is both beautiful and terrifying. He describes the "icy streams" and the "frozen brooks" that are "crackling" and "groaning" under the weight of the snow. These descriptions create a sense of danger and unpredictability, but also a sense of awe and wonder.

Structure

The structure of Poetry Invern is simple yet effective. The poem consists of three stanzas, each with four lines. The first and third lines of each stanza rhyme, while the second and fourth lines do not. This creates a sense of symmetry and balance that is pleasing to the ear.

The poem is written in free verse, which means that it does not follow a strict meter or rhyme scheme. This allows Pound to use language in a way that is natural and fluid. He can create images and emotions without being constrained by the rules of traditional poetry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Poetry Invern is a masterpiece of Imagism. Pound's use of imagery and language creates a sensory experience for the reader that is both beautiful and haunting. The themes of nature and language are woven together in a way that is both powerful and inspiring. The structure of the poem is simple yet effective, allowing Pound to create a sense of balance and symmetry. Overall, Poetry Invern is a testament to the power of poetry and its ability to capture the essence of a moment.

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