'Of Paul and Silas it is said' by Emily Dickinson


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Of Paul and Silas it is said
There were in Prison laid
But when they went to take them out
They were not there instead.

Security the same insures
To our assaulted Minds—
The staple must be optional
That an Immortal binds.

Edited by Peter Carter

Editor 1 Interpretation

Of Paul and Silas it is said: A Close Reading of Dickinson’s Biblical Poem

When it comes to Emily Dickinson, there's something about her poetry that captures the imagination, something that tickles the mind and invites close reading. Perhaps it's her way with words, her knack for turning phrases in unexpected ways, or maybe it's the depth and complexity of the themes she explores. Whatever the reason, Dickinson's work continues to fascinate and inspire readers today.

One poem in particular that stands out is "Of Paul and Silas it is said," a short but powerful piece that draws on biblical references to explore themes of faith, suffering, and redemption. In this essay, we will take a close look at the poem, examining its structure, language, and imagery to gain a deeper understanding of Dickinson's intentions.

Context and Background

Before we dive into the poem itself, it's worth taking a moment to consider the context in which it was written. Emily Dickinson was born in 1830 in Amherst, Massachusetts, and spent most of her life in seclusion, writing poetry that was largely unknown during her lifetime. It wasn't until after her death in 1886 that her work began to gain widespread recognition, and today she is considered one of America's greatest poets.

Dickinson was deeply influenced by her Puritan upbringing, and her poetry often explores themes of religion and spirituality. "Of Paul and Silas it is said" is no exception, drawing on the story of Paul and Silas's imprisonment in Acts 16:16-40.

Structure

At first glance, "Of Paul and Silas it is said" appears to be a simple poem, consisting of just two stanzas with four lines each. However, closer examination reveals a carefully crafted structure that reflects the themes of the poem.

The first stanza establishes the setting and introduces the speaker's perspective: "Of Paul and Silas it is said / They were in prison laid / And when they sang the gates flew wide / And all the cells were shaken." The rhyme scheme here is AABB, creating a sense of stability and order that belies the chaos of the scene being described.

In the second stanza, the structure becomes more complex, with a mix of internal and end rhymes that create a sense of tension and release. "A midnight black – an earthquake split / The walls that prisoned them / When every man was free to quit / Paul tarried then," the poem reads. The internal rhymes in "midnight black" and "prisoned them" create a sense of continuity, while the end rhymes in "split" and "quit" and "them" and "then" create a sense of resolution.

Overall, the structure of the poem is effective in conveying the themes of the text: the first stanza is stable and predictable, reflecting the status quo of the prison setting, while the second stanza is more dynamic, reflecting the transformative power of faith.

Language and Imagery

One of the most striking aspects of "Of Paul and Silas it is said" is its use of language and imagery. Dickinson's choice of words is precise and deliberate, creating a sense of immediacy and urgency that draws the reader in.

The poem begins with the line "Of Paul and Silas it is said," which establishes the biblical context of the text. The use of the word "said" creates a sense of authority and veracity, as if the speaker is drawing on a reliable source of information.

The second line, "They were in prison laid," is deceptively simple. The use of the archaic "laid" instead of "placed" or "put" creates a sense of gravity and weight, as if the speakers are emphasizing the severity of the situation.

The third line, "And when they sang the gates flew wide," is the most powerful in the poem. The use of the word "sang" carries connotations of joy and triumph, while the image of the gates flying open creates a sense of release and liberation. The use of the word "flew" is particularly effective, creating a sense of movement and energy.

The final line of the first stanza, "And all the cells were shaken," is similarly striking. The use of the word "shaken" creates a sense of upheaval and transformation, suggesting that the power of Paul and Silas's singing extends beyond their immediate surroundings.

The second stanza builds on this sense of transformation, using vivid imagery to evoke the chaos of the earthquake. The line "A midnight black – an earthquake split" creates a sense of foreboding and danger, while the phrase "The walls that prisoned them" emphasizes the sense of confinement and oppression.

The final two lines of the poem, "When every man was free to quit / Paul tarried then," are perhaps the most enigmatic. The use of the phrase "free to quit" suggests a sense of uncertainty and hesitation, while the use of Paul's name in the final line creates a sense of individual agency and purpose.

Interpretation

So what does "Of Paul and Silas it is said" mean? Like much of Dickinson's poetry, the poem is open to interpretation, and different readers may take away different meanings from the text. However, there are a few key themes that emerge from a close reading of the poem.

First and foremost, the poem is a celebration of the transformative power of faith. Paul and Silas are able to break free from their imprisonment through the power of their singing, suggesting that faith can be a force for liberation and change.

At the same time, the poem acknowledges the reality of suffering and oppression. The fact that Paul and Silas were in prison in the first place suggests that they were victims of injustice, and the earthquake that follows their singing is a reminder of the destructive power of the forces that seek to oppress them.

Finally, the poem acknowledges the importance of individual agency and purpose. Paul chooses to stay behind even after the gates are open, suggesting that he has a particular mission or goal in mind.

Conclusion

"Of Paul and Silas it is said" is a deceptively simple poem that belies its complexity and depth. Through its use of structure, language, and imagery, Dickinson creates a powerful meditation on faith, suffering, and redemption. While the poem is open to interpretation, it is clear that Dickinson saw in the story of Paul and Silas a powerful metaphor for the human experience, one that continues to resonate with readers today.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Of Paul and Silas it is said, a classic poem by Emily Dickinson, is a powerful and thought-provoking piece of literature that explores themes of faith, perseverance, and the power of prayer. This poem is a testament to the strength of the human spirit and the ability of individuals to overcome even the most difficult of circumstances.

The poem begins with the lines "Of Paul and Silas it is said / There were dungeons deep and dark." These lines immediately set the tone for the rest of the poem, as they suggest that the story of Paul and Silas is one of hardship and struggle. The use of the word "dungeons" conjures up images of imprisonment and confinement, while the word "dark" suggests a sense of hopelessness and despair.

Despite these difficult circumstances, however, the poem goes on to describe how Paul and Silas "prayed and sang" in their prison cell. This is a powerful image, as it suggests that even in the darkest of times, faith and prayer can provide a source of comfort and strength. The fact that Paul and Silas are described as singing is particularly significant, as it suggests that they are able to find joy and hope even in the midst of their suffering.

The poem then goes on to describe how "suddenly there was a great earthquake" that shook the foundations of the prison and opened the doors of the cells. This is a dramatic and powerful moment in the poem, as it suggests that even the forces of nature are unable to contain the power of faith and prayer. The earthquake is a symbol of the transformative power of faith, as it suggests that even the most seemingly unbreakable barriers can be overcome through the power of belief.

The final lines of the poem are perhaps the most powerful of all, as they describe how the jailer who had been guarding Paul and Silas "fell down trembling before them" and asked what he must do to be saved. This moment is significant because it suggests that even those who have been tasked with enforcing the law and maintaining order can be transformed by the power of faith. The fact that the jailer falls down trembling suggests that he is overwhelmed by the power of Paul and Silas's faith, and that he recognizes the truth of their message.

Overall, Of Paul and Silas it is said is a powerful and inspiring poem that speaks to the enduring power of faith and prayer. Through its vivid imagery and powerful language, the poem reminds us that even in the darkest of times, there is always hope and that the human spirit is capable of overcoming even the most difficult of circumstances. Whether we are facing personal struggles or larger societal challenges, this poem reminds us that we can always find strength and hope through our faith and our belief in something greater than ourselves.

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