'Abou Ben Adhem' by James Henry Leigh Hunt


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Abou Ben Adhem (may his tribe increase!)
Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace,
And saw, within the moonlight in his room,
Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom,
An angel writing in a book of gold:—
Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold,
And to the Presence in the room he said
"What writest thou?"—The vision raised its head,
And with a look made of all sweet accord,
Answered "The names of those who love the Lord."
"And is mine one?" said Abou. "Nay, not so,"
Replied the angel. Abou spoke more low,
But cheerly still, and said "I pray thee, then,
Write me as one that loves his fellow men."

The angel wrote, and vanished. The next night
It came again with a great wakening light,
And showed the names whom love of God had blessed,
And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest.


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Editor 1 Interpretation

Abou Ben Adhem by James Henry Leigh Hunt

Abou Ben Adhem is a classic poem written by James Henry Leigh Hunt that has been cherished by readers for centuries. This poem is a tribute to the power of kindness and love, which can transform even the hardest of hearts. The poem is a beautiful example of how literature can convey important moral lessons through the use of simple language and vivid imagery.

Summary

The poem is about a man named Abou Ben Adhem who wakes up in the middle of the night to find an angel writing in a book of gold. When Abou asks the angel what he is writing, the angel replies that he is writing down the names of those who love God. Abou then asks the angel if his name is in the book, and the angel replies that it is not. Abou then asks the angel to write his name down as one who loves his fellow men. The angel writes it down and disappears.

The next night, the angel returns and shows Abou the book, which now has his name at the top of the list of those who love their fellow men.

The poem ends with the famous lines:

"Abou Ben Adhem (may his tribe increase!) Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace, And saw, within the moonlight in his room, Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom, An angel writing in a book of gold: Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold, And to the Presence in the room he said, 'What writest thou?'--The vision raised its head, And with a look made of all sweet accord, Answered, 'The names of those who love the Lord.' 'And is mine one?' said Abou. 'Nay, not so,' Replied the angel. Abou spoke more low, But cheerily still; and said, 'I pray thee, then, Write me as one that loves his fellow-men.' The angel wrote, and vanished. The next night It came again with a great wakening light, And showed the names whom love of God had blessed, And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest."

Literary Criticism and Interpretation

The poem Abou Ben Adhem is a beautiful example of how literature can convey important moral lessons through simple language and vivid imagery. The poem's central message is that love and kindness towards others are more important than love for God alone. The poem has a strong religious tone, but it is not preachy or dogmatic. The poem's protagonist, Abou Ben Adhem, is a wise and compassionate man who understands that love for God is inseparable from love for one's fellow human beings.

The poem is written in iambic pentameter, which is a rhythmic pattern that is commonly used in English poetry. The use of iambic pentameter gives the poem a musical quality that is pleasing to the ear. The poem's rhyme scheme is ABAB, which means that every other line rhymes. This gives the poem a sense of symmetry and balance.

The poem is divided into three stanzas, each with a different rhyme scheme. The first stanza has a rhyme scheme of ABABCC, the second has a rhyme scheme of ABCCB, and the third has a rhyme scheme of ABABCC. The changing rhyme scheme gives the poem a sense of movement and progression, as if the poem is leading the reader towards a conclusion.

The poem's imagery is simple but effective. The moonlight in Abou's room is described as "making it rich, and like a lily in bloom." This description gives the reader a sense of the beauty and serenity of the scene. The angel is described as "writing in a book of gold," which is a powerful image that suggests the importance of the names that are being written down. The final image of Abou's name leading all the others in the book is a powerful symbol of the importance of love and kindness towards others.

The poem has a clear message, but it is also open to interpretation. One interpretation of the poem is that it is a critique of religious orthodoxy. The angel only writes down the names of those who love God, but Abou asks to be written down as one who loves his fellow human beings. This suggests that Abou understands that love for God cannot be separated from love for one's fellow human beings. Another interpretation of the poem is that it is a celebration of the power of love and kindness to transform even the hardest of hearts. Abou's kindness towards his fellow human beings inspires the angel to write down his name in the book of gold, which suggests that love and kindness are more powerful than any religious doctrine.

The poem is also notable for its use of language. The language is simple and direct, but it is also poetic and musical. The poem uses repetition to emphasize its central message. The phrase "love of God" is repeated twice in the first stanza, which emphasizes the importance of this concept. The phrase "love his fellow-men" is repeated twice in the second stanza, which emphasizes the importance of kindness towards others.

The poem's final lines are particularly powerful. The fact that Abou's name leads all the others in the book of gold suggests that his love and kindness towards others are more important than any other virtue. The fact that Abou's name is written down by an angel suggests that his love and kindness are recognized and celebrated by a higher power.

In conclusion, Abou Ben Adhem is a beautiful and powerful poem that celebrates the importance of love and kindness towards others. The poem's simple language and vivid imagery make it accessible to readers of all ages and backgrounds. The poem's message is clear and powerful, but it is also open to interpretation. The poem is a testament to the power of literature to convey important moral lessons in a way that is both beautiful and memorable.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Abou Ben Adhem, a classic poem written by James Henry Leigh Hunt, is a timeless masterpiece that has captured the hearts of readers for generations. The poem is a beautiful and inspiring tale of a man who, despite his humble beginnings, becomes a beloved figure in the eyes of God. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, symbolism, and literary devices used in the poem to understand its deeper meaning.

The poem begins with the narrator describing Abou Ben Adhem as a man who loves his fellow men. He is a devout Muslim who prays every night, but he is not content with just praying for himself. Instead, he prays for all of humanity, asking God to bless them and show them mercy. This selflessness is a central theme of the poem, and it sets the tone for the rest of the story.

The first stanza of the poem is particularly powerful, as it sets the scene and introduces the main character. The narrator describes Abou Ben Adhem as a man who "woke one night from a deep dream of peace" and saw an angel writing in a book of gold. This image is symbolic of the divine presence that Abou Ben Adhem feels in his life. The fact that he sees an angel writing in a book of gold suggests that his actions are being recorded and that he is being watched over by a higher power.

The second stanza of the poem is where the story really begins to unfold. Abou Ben Adhem asks the angel what he is writing, and the angel replies that he is writing down the names of those who love God. Abou Ben Adhem then asks the angel to write his name down as one who loves his fellow men. This moment is significant because it shows that Abou Ben Adhem's love for humanity is just as important to him as his love for God. He sees the two as interconnected and believes that by loving his fellow men, he is also showing his love for God.

The third stanza of the poem is where the story takes a surprising turn. The angel disappears, and Abou Ben Adhem is left alone in his room. However, the next night, the angel returns and shows him the book of gold again. This time, Abou Ben Adhem sees that his name is at the top of the list of those who love God. This moment is significant because it shows that Abou Ben Adhem's selflessness and love for his fellow men have not gone unnoticed by God. He is rewarded for his actions, and his name is written in the book of gold as a testament to his love for humanity.

The final stanza of the poem is where the message of the story is revealed. The narrator explains that Abou Ben Adhem's name was not on the list of those who love God because he prayed more than anyone else or because he was more devout than anyone else. Instead, his name was on the list because he loved his fellow men. This message is powerful because it shows that love and compassion are just as important as religious devotion. Abou Ben Adhem's actions show that it is possible to be a good person and to show love and compassion to others, regardless of one's religious beliefs.

The poem is filled with symbolism and literary devices that help to convey its message. The angel, for example, is a symbol of the divine presence in Abou Ben Adhem's life. The fact that the angel is writing in a book of gold suggests that Abou Ben Adhem's actions are being recorded and that he is being watched over by a higher power. The repetition of the phrase "and lo!" throughout the poem is also significant, as it emphasizes the miraculous nature of Abou Ben Adhem's experience.

The poem also uses a variety of literary devices to convey its message. The use of rhyme and meter, for example, helps to create a sense of rhythm and flow that draws the reader in. The repetition of the phrase "and the angel wrote" also helps to create a sense of anticipation and suspense, as the reader wonders what the angel is writing in the book of gold.

In conclusion, Abou Ben Adhem is a beautiful and inspiring poem that teaches us the importance of love and compassion. The story of Abou Ben Adhem shows us that it is possible to be a good person and to show love and compassion to others, regardless of one's religious beliefs. The poem is filled with symbolism and literary devices that help to convey its message, and its message is just as relevant today as it was when it was first written.

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