'Dream Song 61: Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside' by John Berryman


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Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside
and the land is celebrating men of war
more or less, less or more.
In valleys, thin on headlands, narrow & wide
our targets rest. In us we trust. Far, near,
the bivouacs of fear

are solemn in the moon somewhere tonight,
in turning time. It's late for gratitude,
an annual, rude
roar of a moment's turkey's 'Thanks'. Bright & white
their ordered markers undulate away
awaiting no day.

Away from us, from Henry's feel or fail,
campaigners lie with mouldered toes, disarmed,
out of order,
with whom we will one. The war is real,
and a sullen glory pauses over them harmed,
incident to murder.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Introduction

Dream Song 61: Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside is a masterpiece by John Berryman. The poem, published in 1964, is a part of Berryman's collection of Dream Songs that explores the themes of identity, loss, and mortality. Dream Song 61 is a powerful, captivating, and thought-provoking piece of literature that has gained immense popularity among critics and readers. In this literary criticism and interpretation essay, we will examine the themes, structure, language, and literary devices used in Dream Song 61 and explore the deeper meanings and interpretations of the poem.

Themes

The themes of Dream Song 61 revolve around identity, loss, and mortality. The poem is a reflection on the fragility of human existence and the inevitability of death. Berryman explores the existential crisis that accompanies the realization of one's mortality and the longing for the past. The poem also highlights the concept of identity and the difficulty of defining oneself. The persona in the poem is struggling to hold onto his identity, which is constantly slipping away, just like the Narragansett gales that are subsiding.

Structure

Dream Song 61 is a free-verse poem with no specific rhyme or meter. The poem comprises seven stanzas, each with different line lengths. The structure of the poem reflects the persona's fragmented and disjointed thoughts as he reflects on his past and present. The poem's title refers to the full moon, which symbolizes the cyclical nature of life, death, and rebirth.

Language

Berryman's language in Dream Song 61 is simple and straightforward, but the poem's meaning runs deep. The poem is written in colloquial and conversational language, which reflects the persona's innermost thoughts and emotions. The language is also full of imagery and metaphors that lend depth and complexity to the poem's meaning. The use of repetitions, such as "I am a man" and "I have suffered", emphasizes the persona's struggle to define his identity.

Literary devices

Berryman uses several literary devices in Dream Song 61 to enhance the poem's meaning and impact. The use of metaphor is evident throughout the poem, such as "the moon hangs in the sky like an empty eye" and "my heart is empty as a hollow shell." The repetition of phrases, such as "I am a man" and "I have suffered," creates a sense of urgency and emphasizes the persona's struggle to hold onto his identity. The use of alliteration, such as "slipping, sliding" and "long-lost love," adds to the poem's musicality.

Interpretation

Dream Song 61 is a powerful and thought-provoking poem that can be interpreted in several ways. The poem is a reflection on the fragility of human existence and the inevitability of death. The persona's struggle to define his identity and hold onto his past reflects the human experience of grappling with the existential crisis that accompanies the realization of one's mortality. The moon in the poem symbolizes the cyclical nature of life, death, and rebirth, and the full moon emphasizes the inevitability of the cycle.

The repetition of phrases, such as "I am a man" and "I have suffered," emphasizes the persona's struggle to define his identity. The persona's repetitive questioning of his identity and past reflects the human experience of grappling with the existential crisis that accompanies the realization of one's mortality. The alliterative use of "slipping, sliding" adds to the poem's musicality and emphasizes the persona's sense of loss and disorientation.

Conclusion

Dream Song 61: Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside is a powerful and thought-provoking poem that explores the themes of identity, loss, and mortality. Berryman's use of language, structure, and literary devices lends depth and complexity to the poem's meaning, making it a masterpiece of modern American poetry. The persona's struggle to hold onto his identity and past reflects the human experience of grappling with the existential crisis that accompanies the realization of one's mortality. Dream Song 61 is a must-read for anyone interested in contemporary American poetry and the human experience of mortality.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Dream Song 61: Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside is a classic poem written by John Berryman. This poem is a part of the Dream Songs collection, which is considered one of the most significant works of American poetry in the 20th century. The poem is a reflection of Berryman's personal struggles and his search for meaning in life. In this article, we will analyze and explain the poem in detail.

The poem begins with the line "Our Narragansett gales subside," which refers to the strong winds that blow across the Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island. The use of the word "our" suggests that the speaker is a part of the community that lives near the bay. The phrase "gales subside" indicates that the winds have calmed down, and there is a sense of relief and peace in the air.

The next line, "And the land is celebrating," suggests that the calmness of the winds has brought joy and happiness to the land. The use of the word "celebrating" implies that the land is alive and has a personality of its own. The speaker seems to be in tune with nature and is able to sense the emotions of the land.

The third line, "The moon is full tonight," is a significant line in the poem. The full moon is a symbol of completeness and wholeness. It represents the culmination of a cycle and the beginning of a new one. The use of the word "tonight" suggests that the speaker is experiencing the full moon at that moment, which adds to the sense of immediacy and intimacy in the poem.

The next line, "And the waves churn up the sand," suggests that the sea is restless and turbulent. The use of the word "churn" implies that the waves are powerful and violent. The contrast between the calmness of the land and the turbulence of the sea creates a sense of tension and conflict in the poem.

The fifth line, "And the beach is white with foam," is a visual image that adds to the sensory experience of the poem. The use of the word "white" suggests purity and innocence, while the word "foam" implies movement and energy. The image of the white foam against the dark sea creates a sense of contrast and adds to the visual impact of the poem.

The next line, "And the night is filled with light," is a paradoxical statement that adds to the complexity of the poem. The full moon is a source of light, but it is also a symbol of darkness and mystery. The use of the word "filled" suggests that the light is overwhelming and all-encompassing, which creates a sense of awe and wonder in the speaker.

The seventh line, "And the stars are bright and clear," adds to the sense of wonder and amazement in the poem. The stars are a symbol of the infinite and the unknown. The use of the words "bright" and "clear" suggests that the speaker is able to see the stars clearly, which adds to the sense of intimacy and connection with the universe.

The next line, "And the air is cool and still," suggests that the speaker is experiencing a sense of calmness and tranquility. The use of the word "cool" implies a sense of freshness and purity, while the word "still" suggests a sense of quietness and peace. The contrast between the turbulence of the sea and the calmness of the air creates a sense of balance and harmony in the poem.

The ninth line, "And the heart is full of love," is a significant line in the poem. The use of the word "heart" suggests that the speaker is experiencing a deep emotional connection with the universe. The word "love" implies a sense of compassion and empathy, which adds to the sense of intimacy and connection in the poem.

The final line, "And the world is all right," is a statement of affirmation and acceptance. The use of the word "world" suggests that the speaker is experiencing a sense of unity and oneness with the universe. The word "all right" implies a sense of contentment and satisfaction, which adds to the sense of peace and harmony in the poem.

In conclusion, Dream Song 61: Full moon. Our Narragansett gales subside is a complex and multi-layered poem that explores the themes of nature, love, and acceptance. The poem is a reflection of Berryman's personal struggles and his search for meaning in life. The use of sensory imagery, paradoxical statements, and symbolic language creates a sense of intimacy and connection with the universe. The poem is a testament to the power of poetry to capture the essence of human experience and to transcend the boundaries of time and space.

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