'Richard Cory' by Edwin Arlington Robinson


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Whenever Richard Cory went down town,
We people on the pavement looked at him:
He was a gentleman from sole to crown,
Clean-favoured and imperially slim.

And he was always quietly arrayed,
And he was always human when he talked;
But still he fluttered pulses when he said,
"Good Morning!" and he glittered when he walked.

And he was rich, yes, richer than a king,
And admirably schooled in every grace:
In fine -- we thought that he was everything
To make us wish that we were in his place.

So on we worked and waited for the light,
And went without the meat and cursed the bread,
And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,
Went home and put a bullet in his head.

Editor 1 Interpretation

The Enigmatic Richard Cory: A Literary Criticism and Interpretation

Richard Cory, a poem written by Edwin Arlington Robinson, is a timeless masterpiece that has fascinated readers for over a century. The poem tells the story of a wealthy man named Richard Cory, who seemed to have everything in life, but who ultimately committed suicide. This poem has been interpreted in many different ways over the years, and it continues to be a subject of critical analysis and discussion. In this literary criticism and interpretation, we will explore the various themes, symbols, and literary devices used in Richard Cory and attempt to unravel the enigma that is Richard Cory.

The Themes of Richard Cory

One of the central themes of Richard Cory is the idea that appearances can be deceiving. Richard Cory was a wealthy man who was admired and envied by many, but his wealth and status did not bring him happiness. In fact, he was so unhappy that he took his own life. This theme is expressed in the opening lines of the poem:

"Whenever Richard Cory went downtown,
We people on the pavement looked at him:
He was a gentleman from sole to crown,
Clean favored, and imperially slim."

These lines suggest that Richard Cory was a man who had everything, but who was still not happy. The people on the pavement looked at him with envy and admiration, but they did not know the true nature of his inner life. The theme of appearances being deceiving is further emphasized in the final lines of the poem:

"And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,
Went home and put a bullet through his head."

These lines suggest that Richard Cory was not as happy as he appeared to be, and that his suicide was a result of his inner turmoil.

Another theme of Richard Cory is the idea that wealth and status do not necessarily bring happiness. Richard Cory was a wealthy man who had everything that money could buy, but he was still unhappy. This theme is expressed in the lines:

"Richard Cory,
In fine, we thought that he was everything
To make us wish that we were in his place."

These lines suggest that the people on the pavement envied Richard Cory and wished that they had his wealth and status. However, they did not realize that Richard Cory was not happy despite his wealth and status.

The Symbols of Richard Cory

One of the central symbols of Richard Cory is the contrast between the rich and the poor. The people on the pavement represent the poor, while Richard Cory represents the rich. This symbol is expressed in the lines:

"We people on the pavement looked at him:
He was a gentleman from sole to crown."

These lines suggest that Richard Cory was a wealthy man who was admired by the poor people who looked up to him. However, this symbol is ironic because Richard Cory was not happy despite his wealth and status.

Another symbol of Richard Cory is the idea of isolation. Richard Cory is described as a man who was separate from the people on the pavement, and who did not interact with them. This symbol is expressed in the lines:

"We thought that he was everything
To make us wish that we were in his place.
So on we worked, and waited for the light,
And went without the meat, and cursed the bread;
And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,
Went home and put a bullet through his head."

These lines suggest that Richard Cory was a man who was isolated from the people on the pavement, and who was not able to connect with them. This symbol is important because it suggests that Richard Cory's isolation may have contributed to his unhappiness and eventual suicide.

The Literary Devices used in Richard Cory

One of the literary devices used in Richard Cory is the use of irony. The poem is ironic because Richard Cory is a wealthy man who is admired by the poor people on the pavement, but who is not happy despite his wealth and status. This irony is expressed in the lines:

"And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,
Went home and put a bullet through his head."

These lines suggest that Richard Cory was not happy, despite his wealth and status, and that his suicide was a result of his inner turmoil.

Another literary device used in Richard Cory is the use of imagery. The poem is rich in imagery, and the descriptions of Richard Cory are vivid and detailed. For example, the lines:

"He was a gentleman from sole to crown,
Clean favored, and imperially slim."

These lines create an image of Richard Cory as a handsome, distinguished man who is admired by all who see him. This imagery is important because it emphasizes the contrast between Richard Cory's outward appearance and his inner turmoil.

The Interpretation of Richard Cory

Richard Cory is a complex poem that can be interpreted in many different ways. One interpretation is that the poem is a commentary on the idea that wealth and status do not necessarily bring happiness. Richard Cory had everything that money could buy, but he was still unhappy. This interpretation suggests that happiness is not about material possessions or status, but about inner contentment.

Another interpretation of Richard Cory is that the poem is a commentary on the idea of the American Dream. Richard Cory is a wealthy man who is admired by the poor people on the pavement, but who is not happy despite his wealth and status. This interpretation suggests that the American Dream, which emphasizes the pursuit of wealth and success, may not be the key to happiness.

A third interpretation of Richard Cory is that the poem is a commentary on the idea of isolation. Richard Cory is described as a man who is separate from the people on the pavement, and who did not interact with them. This interpretation suggests that isolation may contribute to unhappiness and that social connections are important for emotional well-being.

Conclusion

Richard Cory is a timeless poem that continues to fascinate readers with its enigmatic central character and its rich imagery and literary devices. The poem explores themes of appearances being deceiving, the idea that wealth and status do not necessarily bring happiness, and the importance of social connections. The poem is rich in symbolism, including the contrast between the rich and the poor and the idea of isolation. Whether interpreted as a commentary on the American Dream, a critique of materialism, or a warning against isolation, Richard Cory remains a powerful and thought-provoking work of literature.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Richard Cory: A Poem of Irony and Social Commentary

Edwin Arlington Robinson's poem "Richard Cory" is a classic example of irony and social commentary. The poem tells the story of a wealthy man named Richard Cory, who is admired and envied by the people in his town. However, despite his wealth and status, Richard Cory ultimately takes his own life. The poem is a powerful commentary on the dangers of envy and the illusion of happiness that wealth and status can create.

The poem begins with a description of Richard Cory. The speaker describes him as "imperially slim" and "quietly arrayed." He is "richer than a king" and "admirably schooled in every grace." The people in the town look up to him and envy his wealth and status. They "wish that they were in his place."

The second stanza describes the people in the town. They are "we" and "they," a collective group that is separate from Richard Cory. They are "impervious to the rain" and "imperially slim." However, despite their similarities to Richard Cory, they are not happy. They "worked and waited for the light" but it never came. They are envious of Richard Cory's wealth and status, but they are also trapped in their own lives.

The third stanza is the turning point of the poem. It reveals the tragic ending of Richard Cory's life. The speaker says that "Richard Cory, one calm summer night, / Went home and put a bullet through his head." The people in the town are shocked and confused. They cannot understand why someone who seemed to have everything would take his own life.

The final stanza of the poem is the most powerful. It reveals the irony of Richard Cory's life and the illusion of happiness that wealth and status can create. The speaker says that "We thought that he was everything / To make us wish that we were in his place." However, despite his wealth and status, Richard Cory was not happy. He was "imperially rich" but "we thought that he was doing well." The people in the town were envious of Richard Cory, but they did not understand the pain and loneliness that he must have felt.

The poem is a powerful commentary on the dangers of envy and the illusion of happiness that wealth and status can create. The people in the town are envious of Richard Cory's wealth and status, but they do not understand the pain and loneliness that he must have felt. They see only the surface level of his life, not the struggles and challenges that he faced. The poem is a reminder that happiness cannot be bought with wealth and status.

The poem is also a commentary on the social and economic inequality that exists in society. Richard Cory is wealthy and powerful, while the people in the town are struggling to make ends meet. The poem highlights the stark contrast between the haves and the have-nots in society. It is a reminder that wealth and status do not guarantee happiness or fulfillment.

In conclusion, Edwin Arlington Robinson's poem "Richard Cory" is a powerful commentary on the dangers of envy and the illusion of happiness that wealth and status can create. The poem is a reminder that happiness cannot be bought with wealth and status, and that true happiness comes from within. The poem is also a commentary on the social and economic inequality that exists in society. It is a timeless poem that continues to resonate with readers today.

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