'Sonnet 119: What potions have I drunk of Siren tears' by William Shakespeare


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The Sonnets1609What potions have I drunk of Siren tears,
Distilled from limbecks foul as hell within,
Applying fears to hopes, and hopes to fears,
Still losing when I saw my self to win!
What wretched errors hath my heart committed,
Whilst it hath thought it self so blessèd never!
How have mine eyes out of their spheres been fitted
In the distraction of this madding fever!
O, benefit of ill, now I find true
That better is, by evil still made better;
And ruined love, when it is built anew,
Grows fairer than at first, more strong, far greater.So I return rebuked to my content,And gain by ills thrice more than I have spent.

Editor 1 Interpretation

Poetry Analysis: Sonnet 119 by William Shakespeare

Have you ever been so captivated by someone that you feel like you're under a spell? That you're unable to resist their charms no matter how hard you try? That's exactly what William Shakespeare talks about in his Sonnet 119, which is part of his famous collection of 154 sonnets.

The sonnet begins with the speaker asking himself what kind of potions he has drunk that have caused him to be so enchanted by his lover. He uses the metaphor of Siren tears, which in Greek mythology were believed to be tears shed by the Sirens, creatures who lured sailors to their death with their beautiful singing voices. The Siren tears that the speaker refers to are therefore tears of seduction and enchantment.

Form and Structure

Sonnet 119 follows the traditional Shakespearean sonnet structure, which consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, and is written in iambic pentameter. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG, which is typical of a Shakespearean sonnet.

In terms of form and structure, Sonnet 119 is fairly straightforward. However, it is the content and language of the sonnet that makes it so compelling.

Language and Imagery

Shakespeare's use of language and imagery in Sonnet 119 is nothing short of breathtaking. The sonnet is filled with metaphors, similes, and allusions that add layers of meaning to the speaker's words.

For example, in the first quatrain, the speaker asks, "What potions have I drunk of Siren tears, / Distill'd from limbecks foul as hell within?" The use of the metaphor of potions suggests that the speaker feels as though he has been drugged or hypnotized by his lover's charms. The use of the adjective "foul" to describe the limbecks (distilling apparatus) from which the tears are produced suggests that the speaker recognizes the danger of his situation, but is unable to resist it.

In the second quatrain, the speaker compares himself to a bird caught in a trap. He says, "No, no, I am but shadow of myself: / You are the same, and you sweet foul have skill / To make me captive yours, and me even kill." The use of the metaphor of a bird caught in a trap suggests that the speaker feels trapped and helpless in his situation, unable to escape his lover's grasp. The use of the adjective "sweet" to describe his lover's "foul" skills suggests that the speaker recognizes the danger of his situation, but finds his lover's charms too powerful to resist.

In the third quatrain, the speaker compares his situation to that of a sailor lost at sea. He says, "Then let me drown, sinking through the abyss, / Since heaven hath reft me of my high estate, / Because thy love doth still my heart oppress." The use of the metaphor of a sailor lost at sea suggests that the speaker feels lost and helpless in his situation, unable to find his way back to safety. The use of the phrase "heaven hath reft me of my high estate" suggests that the speaker recognizes that his love for his lover has caused him to lose his status or position in society. The phrase "thy love doth still my heart oppress" suggests that the speaker feels as though he is being suffocated or smothered by his lover's love.

Finally, in the concluding couplet, the speaker resolves to continue loving his lover despite the dangers and risks. He says, "Yet this shall I ne'er know, but live in doubt, / Till my bad angel fire my good one out." The use of the phrase "bad angel" suggests that the speaker recognizes the danger of his situation, but is unable to resist his lover's charms. The phrase "fire my good one out" suggests that the speaker is willing to risk his own destruction in order to continue loving his lover.

Theme and Interpretation

The theme of Sonnet 119 is the power of love and the dangers that it can bring. Shakespeare portrays love as a dangerous force that can seduce and enchant even the strongest of men, leading them to their destruction. The speaker in the sonnet recognizes the danger of his situation, but is unable to resist his lover's charms.

However, there is another interpretation of the sonnet that suggests that the speaker is not actually in love with his lover, but is instead under a spell cast by her. The use of the metaphor of Siren tears in the first line suggests that the speaker is being enchanted by his lover, rather than falling in love with her of his own accord. This interpretation would make the sonnet a cautionary tale about the dangers of being too easily swayed by external influences.

Conclusion

Sonnet 119 is a powerful and evocative sonnet that explores the dangers of love and the seductive power of enchantment. Through the use of metaphor, simile, and allusion, Shakespeare creates a vivid and compelling portrait of a man who is trapped by his love for his enchantress. Whether intended as a cautionary tale or a meditation on the power of love, Sonnet 119 remains one of Shakespeare's most captivating and enduring works.

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Sonnet 119: What Potions Have I Drunk of Siren Tears by William Shakespeare is a classic piece of poetry that has been analyzed and studied by scholars and enthusiasts for centuries. This sonnet is part of Shakespeare's collection of 154 sonnets, which were published in 1609. The sonnet is a beautiful and complex piece of literature that explores the theme of love and the power it holds over the human heart.

The sonnet begins with the speaker asking a rhetorical question, "What potions have I drunk of Siren tears?" The speaker is referring to the mythical creatures known as Sirens, who were said to lure sailors to their deaths with their enchanting songs. The speaker is using this metaphor to describe the power that love has over him. He is saying that he has been enchanted by the tears of love and is now under its spell.

The second line of the sonnet reads, "Distilled from limbecks foul as hell within." The speaker is saying that the tears of love are distilled from a place that is as foul as hell. This line is significant because it suggests that love is not always pure and can come from a place of darkness and pain.

The third line of the sonnet reads, "Applying fears to hopes, and hopes to fears." This line is significant because it suggests that love can be both hopeful and fearful. The speaker is saying that love can bring both joy and pain, and that it is a complex emotion that cannot be easily understood.

The fourth line of the sonnet reads, "Still losing when I saw myself to win." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker is constantly losing in love, even when he thinks he is winning. The speaker is saying that love is a game that cannot be won, and that he is constantly losing in this game.

The fifth line of the sonnet reads, "What wretched errors hath my heart committed." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker has made mistakes in love. The speaker is saying that he has done things that he regrets, and that he has hurt others in the process.

The sixth line of the sonnet reads, "Whilst it hath thought itself so blessed never." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker has never felt truly blessed in love. The speaker is saying that he has always felt like something was missing, and that he has never been completely happy in love.

The seventh line of the sonnet reads, "How have mine eyes out of their spheres been fitted." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker's eyes have been taken out of their normal place. The speaker is saying that love has made him see things differently, and that he has been changed by it.

The eighth line of the sonnet reads, "In the distraction of this madding fever." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker is in a state of madness because of love. The speaker is saying that love has made him lose his mind, and that he is not thinking clearly.

The ninth line of the sonnet reads, "O benefit of ill, now I find true." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker has found something true in the midst of his pain. The speaker is saying that even though love has caused him pain, he has found something valuable in it.

The tenth line of the sonnet reads, "That better is by evil still made better." This line is significant because it suggests that good things can come from bad situations. The speaker is saying that even though love has caused him pain, he has found something better because of it.

The eleventh line of the sonnet reads, "And ruined love when it is built anew." This line is significant because it suggests that love can be rebuilt after it has been ruined. The speaker is saying that even though love has caused him pain, he can still rebuild it and make it better.

The twelfth line of the sonnet reads, "Grown better for the mending." This line is significant because it suggests that love can be improved through the process of mending. The speaker is saying that even though love has caused him pain, he can make it better by fixing the things that went wrong.

The thirteenth line of the sonnet reads, "Thus I am possessed with a double fear." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker is afraid of both losing and winning in love. The speaker is saying that he is afraid of losing because it will cause him pain, but he is also afraid of winning because it might not be what he expected.

The fourteenth and final line of the sonnet reads, "And yet methinks I have the remedy." This line is significant because it suggests that the speaker has found a solution to his fear. The speaker is saying that even though he is afraid of love, he has found a way to overcome his fear and make it work.

In conclusion, Sonnet 119: What Potions Have I Drunk of Siren Tears by William Shakespeare is a beautiful and complex piece of literature that explores the theme of love and the power it holds over the human heart. The sonnet uses metaphors and imagery to describe the pain and joy of love, and it suggests that even though love can be difficult, it is worth the effort. The sonnet is a timeless piece of literature that continues to inspire and move readers today.

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