'Musée des Beaux Arts' by W.H. Auden


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About suffering they were never wrong,
The Old Masters; how well, they understood
Its human position; how it takes place
While someone else is eating or opening a window or just walking dully along;
How, when the aged are reverently, passionately waiting
For the miraculous birth, there always must be
Children who did not specially want it to happen, skating
On a pond at the edge of the wood:
They never forgot
That even the dreadful martyrdom must run its course
Anyhow in a corner, some untidy spot
Where the dogs go on with their doggy life and the torturer's horse
Scratches its innocent behind on a tree.

In Breughel's Icarus, for instance: how everything turns away
Quite leisurely from the disaster; the ploughman may
Have heard the splash, the forsaken cry,
But for him it was not an important failure; the sun shone
As it had to on the white legs disappearing into the green
Water; and the expensive delicate ship that must have seen
Something amazing, a boy falling out of the sky,
had somewhere to get to and sailed calmly on.


Click to View Breughel's "Fall of Icarus"

Editor 1 Interpretation

Musée des Beaux Arts by W.H. Auden: An Exploration of Human Indifference to Suffering

Have you ever wondered why we, as human beings, often turn a blind eye to the pain and suffering of others? W.H. Auden, in his poem "Musée des Beaux Arts," delves deeply into this question and offers a poignant commentary on the nature of human indifference.

First published in 1939, "Musée des Beaux Arts" takes its title from the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, Belgium, which Auden visited in 1938. The poem is divided into two parts, each of which focuses on a different painting from the museum's collection. Throughout both sections, Auden uses vivid imagery and a powerful sense of irony to convey his message.

Part I: The Fall of Icarus

The first section of the poem centers around Pieter Brueghel the Elder's painting "Landscape with the Fall of Icarus." The painting depicts the myth of Icarus, who flew too close to the sun on wings made of feathers and wax and fell to his death in the sea. However, in the painting, Icarus is depicted as a small figure in the background, barely visible against the bustling landscape of farmers, fishermen, and ships.

Auden begins by describing the scene in detail, using vivid imagery to create a sense of the world that surrounds Icarus at the moment of his death:

About suffering they were never wrong,
The Old Masters: how well they understood
Its human position; how it takes place
While someone else is eating or opening a window or just walking dully along

Here, Auden sets the tone for the entire poem, emphasizing how the Old Masters understood the universality of human suffering. He then goes on to describe the scene in the painting, noting how Icarus falls "into the green sea" while "the expensive delicate ship" sails on in the foreground, completely oblivious to his fate.

Auden's use of irony is particularly effective in this section of the poem. Through his descriptions of the bustling world around Icarus, he highlights the stark contrast between the mythological tragedy and the mundane daily life of the people nearby. The ship, with its "torturous" rigging and "careless" crew, is a symbol of human indifference, sailing on without even noticing the tragedy unfolding in the background.

Part II: The Triumph of Death

The second section of the poem focuses on another painting from the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Pieter Brueghel the Younger's "The Triumph of Death." The painting depicts a landscape filled with death and destruction, with skeletons and demons reigning over a world of chaos.

Auden begins this section with a direct reference to the painting's title, emphasizing the overwhelming sense of death and despair that permeates the scene:

About suffering they were never wrong,
The Old Masters: how well they understood
Its human position; how it takes place
While someone else is eating or opening a window or just walking dully along;
How, when the aged are reverently, passionately waiting
For the miraculous birth, there always must be
Children who did not specially want it to happen, skating
On a pond at the edge of the wood:

Here, Auden once again highlights the universality of human suffering, noting how it takes place even during moments of joy and celebration. He then goes on to describe the scene in the painting, noting how the skeletons and demons are "picking up / On the horrible thing" and "feeding on the faces of the dead."

Through his descriptions of the painting, Auden emphasizes the overwhelming power of death and the futility of human resistance. The people in the painting are shown as helpless and overwhelmed, unable to escape the grasp of death no matter how hard they try.

Interpretation

At its core, "Musée des Beaux Arts" is a commentary on the nature of human indifference to the suffering of others. By juxtaposing the mythological tragedy of Icarus with the mundane daily life of the people around him, Auden highlights the stark contrast between human tragedy and human indifference. In the second section of the poem, he takes this idea even further, showing how even in the face of overwhelming death and destruction, people are often unable to bring themselves to care.

Through his use of vivid imagery and powerful irony, Auden forces us to confront the uncomfortable truth that we, as human beings, are often indifferent to the suffering of others. We may be moved by tragedy when it strikes close to home, but when it happens to someone else, we often look the other way.

In the end, "Musée des Beaux Arts" is a powerful reminder of the importance of empathy and compassion. It urges us to look beyond our own narrow concerns and to recognize the suffering of others, no matter how far removed it may seem from our daily lives. As Auden himself notes, "we must love one another or die."

Editor 2 Analysis and Explanation

Musée des Beaux Arts: An Analysis of W.H. Auden's Classic Poem

W.H. Auden's "Musée des Beaux Arts" is a classic poem that explores the theme of human suffering and the indifference of the world to it. The poem is based on the painting "Landscape with the Fall of Icarus" by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, which depicts the mythological figure Icarus falling into the sea while people go about their daily lives without noticing his plight. In this analysis, we will explore the themes, imagery, and structure of the poem to understand its meaning and significance.

Themes

The central theme of "Musée des Beaux Arts" is the idea that human suffering is a common and inevitable part of life, and that people are often indifferent to it. The poem begins with the observation that "About suffering they were never wrong, / The Old Masters." This line sets the tone for the rest of the poem, which goes on to describe various scenes of human suffering and the way in which people are oblivious to it.

One of the key ideas in the poem is the contrast between the grandeur of mythological stories and the mundane reality of everyday life. The story of Icarus, for example, is a powerful myth about the dangers of ambition and hubris. However, in Brueghel's painting, Icarus is just a tiny figure falling into the sea while people go about their daily business. The poem suggests that this is a metaphor for the way in which people often ignore or downplay the suffering of others, even when it is right in front of them.

Another theme in the poem is the idea that art can be a way of expressing the human experience and capturing the beauty and tragedy of life. The Old Masters, as the poem calls them, were able to create works of art that captured the full range of human emotion and experience. However, the poem also suggests that even great works of art can only do so much to alleviate the suffering of the world.

Imagery

One of the most striking features of "Musée des Beaux Arts" is its vivid and evocative imagery. The poem is full of powerful images that help to convey its themes and ideas. For example, the image of Icarus falling into the sea is a powerful metaphor for the way in which people can be overwhelmed by their own ambition and desires. The image of the ploughman and the sun, meanwhile, suggests the idea that life goes on regardless of human suffering.

Another powerful image in the poem is the description of the "miraculous birth" of the ship in the painting. This image suggests the idea that even in the midst of tragedy and suffering, there is still the potential for new life and growth. The ship is a symbol of hope and renewal, even as Icarus falls to his death in the background.

Structure

The structure of "Musée des Beaux Arts" is also worth exploring. The poem is written in free verse, with no set rhyme or meter. This gives the poem a sense of spontaneity and freedom, which is appropriate given its themes of human suffering and indifference. The lack of a strict structure also allows the poem to move fluidly between different scenes and ideas, creating a sense of unity and coherence despite its apparent randomness.

The poem is divided into two main sections. The first section describes various scenes of human suffering, while the second section focuses on the painting of Icarus and the way in which people are indifferent to his plight. This division creates a sense of contrast and tension, as the poem moves from the general to the specific, and from the mundane to the mythological.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "Musée des Beaux Arts" is a powerful and thought-provoking poem that explores the themes of human suffering and indifference. Through its vivid imagery and free-flowing structure, the poem captures the beauty and tragedy of life, and suggests that even great works of art can only do so much to alleviate the suffering of the world. The poem is a testament to the power of poetry to express the human experience and to capture the full range of human emotion and experience.

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